I've had a guy on Luciferium in my colony who is nearing 70, he's been frail the entire time I've had him and also dependent on Luciferium. He has been part of my colony for 4 years now, so I don't think the Luciferium is going to fix it-Is this a bug, or intentional?
I think it should remove Frail and other such illnesses (cataracts, etc).
I have had the same issue, My colonist is frail with early onset alzheimer's and she has been on luciferium for 2 years now still frail I think the chances each check to remove frail must be very low.
Fixed, thanks for reporting! ;)