I get this crash when I try to generate a new world. It seems to happen about 50% of the time. This is on the Steam version of the game (I don't know if it happens in the manual install). I've included all 3 files in the most recent crash folder. I don't know if it has to do with some of the seeds, or if it's just random. I remember one seed that was used in the crash: "space suit". Hope that helps. Also, I do have mods installed, so let me know if you need the mod list and if this is a mod related crash.
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It looks like an internal, Unity bug. I don't think there's anything we could do, other than hoping that updating Unity will solve it. Please see if it happens again in A18 once it's out. Thanks for reporting though.