Are there any mods here that are connecting to any servers determined by the Mod creators? Any analytics that ping servers, even through HTTP? Does Rimworld have any kind of defense against rogue mod makers?
I don't think it's practical for Rimworld to police this. What if the mod disables the check?
The only way I've ever seen this kind of thing working is a healthy modding community and open source standards. We have the first for sure and though I don't think the second is enforced most popular mods are open source.
And of course you have every right to not use mods that you question in any way.
Although Ludeon could take down mods on the forum that are reported for bad behaviour, or Steam take down mods that are reported for bad behaviour, ultimately you need to either trust the modder, or do your own checking of the mod. Inspect network traffice for suspicious behaviour, etc. Really though, caveat emptor.